Adolescent development / Courtland C. Lee
From deterrence to development : shifting the focus of youth programs for African-American males / Karen Johnson Pittman and Shepherd Zeldin
How professionals in Community-based programs perceive and respond to the needs of Black male youth / Ronald F. Ferguson
Afrocentrism and African-American male youths / Morris F. X. Jeff, Jr.
Traditional youth service systems and their work with young Black males / Jane Quinn
Toward a national youth development policy for young African-American males : the choices policymakers face / Andrew B. Hahn
Conclusions and implications / Ronald B. Mincy.
